Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is caused by excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain that can lead to lethargy, seizures, and comas. There is no cure for it nor is there any way to prevent it from happening. Affecting 1M Americans today, treatment costs the healthcare system >$2B per year. Neurosurgically implanted shunts, the standard treatment, often fail. Patients with failed shunts show nonspecific symptoms, including headaches, dizziness and nausea. CTs and MRIs are used for diagnosis, but are inconclusive, expensive, and often lead to unnecessary admissions.